Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://sbicafe.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9886
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135 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Detection of the fruit ripeness stage in the pre-harvest of Coffea arabica(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2025-11-28) Bastos, Flávia de Souza Veronezzi; Pereira, Inara Almeida; Melo, Bruno Manoel Rezende de; Ferreira, Sindynara; Kloss, Rodrigo Barbosa; Santos, Telma Miranda dosThe objective of this work was to determine the optimal number of plants to be sampled and which method best represents the green-maturation stage of the Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 and Mundo Novo IAC 376-4 Coffea arabica cultivars. The experimental design consisted of four treatments: harvest of the fruits located in the central bud of 12 plagiotropic branches; harvest of the fruits located in the first bud, central bud, and last bud of 12 plagiotropic branches; harvest of all fruits of 12 plagiotropic branches; and harvest of all fruits of the plant. Both coffee cultivars were subjected to all treatments, with the respective evaluation of the percentage of green fruits. For the two cultivars, the first, second, and fourth treatments adequately represent the percentage of green fruits of the crop. It is recommended to use the collection of fruits from the central bud of the plagiotropic branches to determine the percentage of green fruits of both cultivars. For the Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 and Mundo Novo IAC 376-4 cultivars, the optimal number of plants to be sampled to quantify the green phenological stage is 13 and 14, respectively.Item Productivity, chemical and sensory characteristics of arabica coffee under different water regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado Central Plateau(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2025-08-18) Celestino, Sonia Maria Costa; Silva, Patrícia Carvalho; Ramos, Maria Lucrécia Gerosa; Silva, Nathalia Henriques da; Brasileiro, Lemerson de Oliveira; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Ribeiro Junior, Walter QuadrosThe objective of this work was to evaluate arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) under irrigation regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado Central Plateau regarding productivity, chemical quality of raw grains, and sensory quality of the beverage. The experiment was conducted in 2020/2021, with the regimes consisting of two levels of replacement, 100% and 50% of water requirement: irrigation throughout the year, water deficit from April to September, and water deficit from June to September. The chemical characteristics studied were: soluble solids, sucrose, trigonelline, caffeine, caffeoylquinic and citric acids. Sensory analysis was performed by SCA. The regimes of water replacement 100% with irrigation throughout the year and water deficit from June to September present higher productivity of arabica coffee in 2020 and 2021. In regimes with greater water restriction, the levels of sucrose and trigonelline in raw grains increase. In regimes with greater water replacement, the level of citric acid in the raw grains increases. Both regimes with a water deficit from June to September with 100% and 50% of the crop water requirement produce a beverage of excellent quality due to greater uniformity in grain maturation. With 50% of the crop water requirement, the water deficit from April to September is harmful to the quality of the beverage compared to the water deficit from June to September due to the period of two additional months in water stress.Item Programmed pruning cycle for arabica coffee as enhancer of nutrient cycling to maintain soil fertility(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2024-12-13) Araújo, Diogo Ribeiro de; Colodetti, Tafarel Victor; Souza, Matheus Fonseca de; Caldeira, Marcos Vinicius Winckler; Oliveira, Fábio Luiz de; Amaral, José Francisco Teixeira do; Maciel, Laiane Silva; Martins, Lima Deleon; Tomaz, Marcelo AntonioThe objective of this work was to evaluate the nutrient cycling and biomass input of arabica coffee plants managed with a programmed pruning cycle and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in a split-plot arrangement, with four doses of K in the plot, and nine periods of evaluation in the subplot. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was applied. Significance was observed as a function of days after pruning, reaching 78.5% of the decomposed leaf material at 324 days. The release of nutrients showed a variable behavior. At 360 days of evaluation, the percentages of releases nutrients were: 97.2, 79.1, 73.7, 68.0, 48.6, and 32.5, for K, P, Mg, Mn, N, and Ca, respectively. Potassium fertilization levels do not influence the decomposition rate of the leaves eliminated by the programmed pruning cycle in arabica coffee.Item Fruit and bean traits of the Coffea canephora genotypes most grown in western Amazon(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2024-11-25) Lopes Júnior, Hilton; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Silva, Adriele Nunes Rodrigues; Moraes, Amanda de Oliveira; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraThe objective of this work was to quantify the genetic diversity and selection gains regarding the physical traits of the fruits and beans of the 86 Coffea canephora clones most grown in western Amazon. The clones were evaluated as to the effects of genotypes (G), years (Y), and the GxY interaction. Genetic progress was quantified considering combined selection and direct selection for coffee bean weight. Although there was a GxY interaction, based on repeatability estimates the plants presented a similar performance over time. A positive correlation was observed between fruit and bean weight, except for some genotypes, such as R22, AS5, and 'BRS 3210', which presented larger beans and smaller fruit, and as BG180, P42, LB60, G20, and N12, with larger fruit and smaller beans. Using selection for the main trait, the estimates of genetic progress were similar to those obtained through different selection indexes, through which 14 genotypes with a higher bean weight were selected. The evaluated C. canephora clones exhibit high genetic diversity for the selection of plants with higher grain mass.Item Altitude on the physicochemical characteristics of coffee beverage from beans produced in Taquaritinga do Norte, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2025-06-13) Santos, Wallysson Wagner Vilela; Silva, Gustavo Henrique Daniel Santos; Silva, Elisandra Rabêlo da; Silva, Mateus Bezerra de Lima e; Oliveira, Rodrigo Lira de; Silva, Suzana Pedroza daThe objective of this work was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of coffee beverages prepared with Coffea arabica beans produced at different altitudes in the municipality of Taquaritinga do Norte, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Eight coffee bean samples, obtained from five different producers, were analyzed in a completely randomized design, with three replicates. The evaluated variables were: total acidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, extraction percentage, reducing sugars, and caffeine content. The data were subjected to the analysis of variance, Tukey’s mean test, and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. The results showed total acidity from 0.39 to 3.05 mL-1 NaOH, pH from 5.30 to 4.80, electrical conductivity from 2.79 to 3.24 µS cm-1, total dissolved solids from 2.00 to 2.56 °Brix, extraction percentage from 18.14 to 27.24%, reducing sugars from 0.28 to 0.40%, and caffeine content from 0.50 to 2.18%. Through agglomerative hierarchical clustering, two groups of samples were discriminated based on the evaluated physicochemical parameters. Altitude is a common aspect of the samples of a same group, defining different characteristics of coffee beverages in Taquaritinga do Norte.Item Alternative substrates for the production of clonal Coffea canephora seedlings(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2024) Balbino, Tony José; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Tavella, Leonardo Barreto; Teixeira, Richelly Gisela Pasqualotto; Bravin, Núbia Pinto; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Bravin, Maísa PintoThe objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of coffee husk, elephant grass, and sugarcane alone or combined with each other or with commercial compounds, as well as their use as substrate for the production of clonal Coffea canephora seedlings. The experiment was carried out in two stages: one for the physicochemical characterization of the substrates, and the other for evaluations of the growth of coffee seedlings in these substrates. In the first stage, the treatments consisted of coffee husk (CH), elephant grass (EG), sugarcane (SC), commercial substrate (CS), vermiculite (VM), and their combinations. In the second stage, the standard substrate (soil) was also evaluated. CH presented a high electrical conductivity and density and a low aeration space and available water. SC stood out for its lower pH and density and its greater porosity. SC and EG were viable for coffee seedling production, not differing from the commercial and standard substrates. With the exception of CH+EG, CH+CS, and EG+SC, the combined substrates allowed of a greater seedling growth than the isolated ones. CH was only viable as a substrate when combined, especially with VM. Combining CH, SC, and EG to the standard substrate improves the quality of clonal C. canephora seedlings.Item Technological and nutritional aspects of dark chocolate with added coffee husk flour(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2024-07-19) Borges, Marília Viana; Leite, Cristina Xavier dos Santos; Santos, Ingrid Alves; Leão, Danilo Junqueira; Ferrão, Sibelli Passini Barbosa; Santos, Leandro Soares; Lima, Amanda Beatriz Sales de; Wobeto, Carmen; Lannes, Suzana Caetano da Silva; Silva, Marcondes Viana daThe objective of this work was to produce dark chocolates with the addition of coffee husk flour (CHF) and to evaluate the generated effects on their physical, physicochemical, microbiological, textural, and rheological characteristics. Husks of the Pacamara coffee (Coffea arabica) variety, produced under organic management, were used. The samples were previously dried, ground, and sieved at 0.250 mm. Five chocolate formulations were previously standardized at 55% content of cocoa solids (mass and cocoa butter) and at 0.4% soy lecithin. The addition of CHF was tested at the concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10%, using a completely randomized design and three replicates. The addition of CHF up to 10% alters the physicochemical, textural, and rheological properties of the chocolate formulations, but without compromising their composition and quality. The tested formulations only differed regarding hardness and cohesiveness, evaluated in the texture profile. The hardness of the chocolate formulations increases as CHF is added.Item Maturation and detachment force for mechanized harvesting of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Brazilian Cerrado(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2023-02-17) Santin, Mateus Rollemberg; Amabile, Renato Fernando; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Brige, Felipe Augusto Alves; Sala, Pedro Ivo Aquino LeiteThe objective of this work was to determine the force required to detach fruits of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes in five maturation stages, to determinate the best stage for mechanized harvest, and to verify the possibility of future selections of genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Harvests were carried out in the 2013/2014 crop season, and the detachment force was determined based for six fruits from each side of the crop row, collected randomly from the middle third of the plants. The detachment force curve was obtained for each cycle through logistic regression, using the R software. According to the duration of their cycle, the genotypes were divided into super early, early, medium, and semilate; the values of the coefficients of the detachment force curve equation were also obtained. There is genetic variability regarding fruit detachment force throughout the maturation cycle, which indicates the possibility of selecting genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Fruit detachment force shows a considerable drop in the final stages of maturation. The raisin stage is the best for the mechanized harvest of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Cerrado.Item Chemical attributes of an Oxisol with the addition of conilon coffee straw biochar(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2023) Alvarenga, Anarelly Costa; Passos, Renato Ribeiro; Andrade, Felipe Vaz; Mendonça, Eduardo de Sá; Rangel, Otacílio José Passos; Mosa, Lázaro LongueThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increasing rates of biochar produced with coffee straw, at two pyrolysis temperatures, on the chemical attributes of an Oxisol cultivated with conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and on the nutrient content of coffee tree leaves. Treatments consisted of pyrolysis at two temperatures (350 and 600 °C) and of five biochar rates (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Mg ha-1). The following soil chemical attributes were evaluated: pH in water; P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H+Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn contents; effective and potential cation exchange capacity (CEC); sum of bases (SB); base (V) and aluminium (m) saturation; and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn contents in the leaves. The biochar produced at 600°C, at rates of 10 and 15 Mg ha-1, promoted a greater K release into the soil. Regardless of temperature, coffee straw biochar increased K and P availability, sum of bases, base saturation, and CEC in the soil, but did not influence macro- and micronutrient contents in the leaves. The addition of increasing rates of coffee straw biochar in the soil increases P, K, Mg, SB, CEC, and V, regardless of pyrolysis temperature.Item Morphophysiological responses of Conilon coffee matrix plants in a super-dense clonal garden(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2023-12-04) Silva, Josimar Aleixo da; Esposti, Marlon Dutra Degli; Senra, João Felipe de Brites; Comério, Marcone; Conceição, Amanda Oliveira da; Zacarias, Alex Justino; Milheiros, Idalina Sturião; Silva, Uliana Ribeiro; Silva, Fernanda Gomes da; Raimundo, Eduarda GonçalvesThe objective of this work was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses and cutting production of clones of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) cultivars in a super-dense clonal garden in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The super-dense clonal garden was built in 2019 using 39 clones: 9, 9, 9, and 12 of cultivars Centenária ES8132, Diamante ES8112, ES8122 (Jequitibá), and Marilândia ES8143, respectively. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Cutting production and the following morphophysiological traits were evaluated at 9 and 18 months after planting: chlorophyll index, normalized difference vegetation index, plant height, canopy height, canopy diameter, number of shoots, number of viable cuttings, number of leaves, fresh leaf mass, and plant fresh and dry matter mass. The super-dense clonal garden caused different morphophysiological responses among the studied clones. In general, clones C2, C5, C6, C8, D1, D8, D9, J8, M2, M9, M10, and M12 showed a higher mean cutting production, whereas C4, J1, J4, M4, and M5 were the most sensitive to the super-dense regime. Under these conditions, it is recommended to increase the proportion of matrix plants of the latter clones.